Single cancer cell analysis
		Á¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ÁÖ¿äÇÑ À¯ÀüÀû º¯È´Â °Ô³ðÀÇ ÀϺΠȤÀº À¯ÀüÀÚ°¡ °á½Ç, ÀüÀ§, ÁõÆøµÇ´Â ±¸Á¶Àû ÀÌÀ¯Àϼöµµ ÀÖ°í, µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº DNA ¼¿ ÀÚüÀÇ ¿µÇâÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ µ¹¿¬º¯À̸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ´Â °³Ã¼°¡  ¸¹¾ÆÁö¸é¼ 
		¾ÏÀÌ ÁøÇàµÉ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, Á¾¾ç DNAÀÇ Æ¯¼ºÀ¸·Î  ¼ö¸¹Àº ¾Ç¼º º¯À̰¡ ³ªÅ¸³¯ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÃÖ±Ù NGS ±â¼úÀÌ  ¹ßÀüµÇ¸ç, ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷ ¼öÁØ¿¡¼ Á¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ »ý¼º°ú °èÅë ¹ß»ý, ÀÌÁú¼º  (heterogeneity), Ç×¾Ï Ä¡·áÀÇ ¿µÇâ ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µ µî
		DNA µ¹¿¬º¯À̸¦  ü°èÀûÀ¸·Î ºÐ¼®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µÇ¾ú´Ù (Van Loo and Voet, 2014). Á¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â  º¹À⼺ (Complexity)°ú ÀÌÁú¼º (Heterogeneity)Àº  Á¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ (cancer cell), Áö¼Ó¼º ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷ (Cancer  persister cells), 
		¼øÈ¯Á¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ (Circulating Tumor Cell; CTC)¸¦  ´ÜÀϼ¼Æ÷ ¼öÁØ¿¡¼ ÇØ¼®ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ºÐ¼® °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.
		 Áö¼Ó¼º ¾Ï¼¼Æ÷³ª CTC¿Í °°Àº ¾ò±â Èûµç »ùÇÿ¡¼ ´ÜÀÏÁ¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ¿¬±¸Ç챉  À§Çؼ´Â, ´ÜÀÏÁ¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ ³» RNA Àü»çü º¯À̸¦ Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô  °ËÃâÇÏ¿© Á¤·®È ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ¹Î°¨Çϰí ÀçÇö¼º ³ôÀº ºÐ¼® ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù. 
		 À̸¦ ÅëÇØ Á¾¾ç¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ  º¹À⼺À» È®ÀÎÇϰí, ±Ã±ØÀûÀ¸·Î ¸ÂÃãÇü Ç×¾Ï Ä¡·áÁ¦ÀÇ °³¹ß¿¡ Ȱ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ´ÙÄ«¶ó¹ÙÀÌ¿À¿¡¼´Â µ¶ÀÚÀûÀÎ SMARTer
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Highlighted products - Single-cell genome sequencing
			PicoPLEX¢ç  ±â¼úÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ 
PicoPLEX¢ç  Gold Single Cell DNA-seq Kit´Â ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ whole genome  amplification (WGA)¸¦ 
			À§ÇÑ Á¦Ç°À¸·Î, quasi-random primingÀ»  ÀÌ¿ëÇØ Illumina
¢ç Ç÷§Æû¿¡¼ sequencing  °¡´ÉÇÑ library¸¦ ÀçÇö¼º ³ô°Ô Á¦ÀÛÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ½ÇÁ¦·Î, PicoPLEX
¢ç ±â¼úÀº À¯ÀüÀÚº¹Á¦º¯ÀÌ (copy  number variation ,CNV), 
			¿°»öü À̼ö¼º (Chromosomal  aneuploidies), ´ÜÀÏ ¿°±â ġȯ (single nucleotide variation, SNV)  µîÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© Á¾¾ç ¿¬±¸¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â °Ô³ðÀÇ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ºÐ¼®¿¡ Àû¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù (±×¸² 1). º» ±â¼úÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© FFPE Á¶Á÷, 
			CTC¿¡¼ ÃßÃâÇÑ ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ °Ô³ðÀ̳ª CNVÀÇ ºÐ¼® ½Ã ³ôÀº ¼º´ÉÀ»  È®ÀÎÇÑ ³í¹®ÀÌ ´Ù¼ö ÃâÆÇµÇ°í ÀÖÀ» »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, ÃÖ±Ù¿¡´Â ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ Genome & Transcriptome-seq (G&T-seq)ÀÇ Çʼö ±¸¼º ¿ä¼Ò·Î ²ÅÈ÷°í ÀÖ´Ù 
			(Babayan 
et al.  2017, Cayrefourcq 
et al. 2015, Lieselot 
et al. 2017, Macaulay 
et al. 2015, Morrow 
et al. 2016, Premasekharan 
et  al. 2016, Williamson 
et al.  2016).
			
 ±×¸² 1.  PicoPLEX¢ç Gold Single Cell DNA-seq KitÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ µÎ °³ÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼ CNV °ËÃâ
			±×¸² 1.  PicoPLEX¢ç Gold Single Cell DNA-seq KitÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ µÎ °³ÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼ CNV °ËÃâ 
			Log2 ratio of the total number of reads in 50-kb bins from single  NCI-H929 cells, shown as one cell in Panel A and a second cell in Panel B. Red  bars represent copy-number gains while blue bars represent losses. The top row  of the graphs in each panel depicts the control bulk sample sequenced to a  depth of 90 million read pairs. The highly reproducible coverage of the  PicoPLEX
¢ç Gold kit enables the  accurate detection of structural variants as small as 100 kb, even at shallow  sequencing depths (2.5-8.5 million read pairs).
			´ÙÄ«¶ó¹ÙÀÌ¿À´Â SMART-Seq
¢ç ±â¼úÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇØ  full-length mRNA ¼¿À» ºÐ¼®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â NGS Á¦Ç°À»  Á¦°øÇÔÀ¸·Î½á, ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷ mRNA-seq ºÐ¼® ¿¬±¸¿¡ ¾ÕÀå¼°í  ÀÖ´Ù. 4¼¼´ëÀÎ 
SMART-Seq¢ç  v4 PLUS Kit¿Í À̸¦ ±â¹ÝÀ¸·Î ´ë·® ºÐ¼®¿¡ ÃÖÀûȵǾî ÀÖ´Â 
SMART-Seq¢ç  HT Kit¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¸é ´ÜÀϼ¼Æ÷ ¼öÁØÀÇ ±Ø¼Ò·® »ùÇðú RNA·ÎºÎÅÍ °¡Àå ³ôÀº ¹Î°¨µµ·Î  mRNA-seq ºÐ¼®À» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ÀÌ Á¦Ç°µéÀº oligo(dT) primer¿Í SMART (Switching Mechanism  at 5' end of RNA Template) ±â¼úÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© full-length mRNA¸¦  ÆíÇ⼺ ¾øÀÌ ºÐ¼®ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç, intact »óÅÂÀÇ ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ¹Ù·Î »ùÇ÷ΠÀû¿ëÇÏ¿´À» ¶§µµ °íǰÁú·Î cDNA¸¦ ÇÕ¼ºÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. º» SMART-Seq
¢ç  v4 ±â¼úÀº ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ´ë·®À¸·Î ºÐ¼®Çϱâ À§ÇÑ ÀÚµ¿È ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÎ 
Apollo¢â  Library Prep System°ú 
ICELL8¢ç  Single-Cell System¿¡ Àû¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¹Àº ³í¹®¿¡¼ ÀÌ SMART-Seq
¢ç ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÑ ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ RNA-seqÀ»  äÅÃÇÏ¿© Á¾¾ç ¼¼Æ÷³ª Á¾¾ç ħÀ± ¸é¿ª ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼ÀÇ °Ô³ð, Àü»çü¸¦ sequencing  ÇÏ¿© ºÐ¼®Çϰųª, ¾Ï Áٱ⼼Æ÷ÀÇ ÀÌÁú¼ºÀ» ºÐ¼®Çϰí, ¾àÁ¦  ³»¼ºÀ» °¡Áö´Â Á¾¾ç ¼¼Æ÷¸¦ ½Äº°ÇÏ´Â µî ´Ù¾çÇÑ Á¾¾ç ¼¼Æ÷ ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÁøÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù (Chung 
et al. 2017, Chiu 
et al. 2018, Han 
et al.  2018, Kim 
et al. 2015, and Zheng 
et al. 2018).
			
SMART-Seq  Stranded Kit´Â 
SMARTer  Stranded Total RNA-Seq Kit v2 - Pico Input Mammalian KitÀÇ µ¶Æ¯ÇÑ Æ¯Â¡°ú SMART-Seq
¢ç v4 ±â¼úÀ» °áÇÕÇÏ¿© ´ÜÀÏ ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼ Illumina
¢ç¿¡  ȣȯ °¡´ÉÇÑ stranded sequencing library¸¦ Á¦ÀÛÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï °³¹ßµÇ¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ´Â Á¾¾ç FFPE Á¶Á÷°ú °°ÀÌ ¸Å¿ì ǰÁúÀÌ ³·Àº pg ¼öÁØÀÇ total RNA·ÎºÎÅÍ  library¸¦ Á¦ÀÛÇϴµ¥ ÃÖÀûÀÇ ¼Ö·ç¼ÇÀÌ´Ù.
			
			[¿ø¹®] Single cancer cell analysis 
				[Âü°í¹®Çå] 
			  - Babayan, A. 
et al. Comparative study of whole genome  amplification and next-generation sequencing performance of single cancer  cells. 
Oncotarget 8, 56066-56080  (2017).
			  - Cayrefourcq, L. 
et al. Establishment and  Characterization of a Cell Line from Human Circulating Colon Cancer  Cells. 
Cancer Res. 75, 892-901  (2015).
			  - Chiu, H. S. 
et al. Pan-Cancer Analysis of lncRNA  Regulation Supports Their Targeting of Cancer Genes in Each Tumor  Context. 
Cell Rep. 23, 297-312  (2018).
			  - Chung, W. 
et al. Single-cell RNA-seq enables  comprehensive tumour and immune cell profiling in primary breast cancer. 
Nature  Comm. 8, 15081  (2017).
			  - Han, K. Y. 
et al. SIDR: simultaneous isolation and  parallel sequencing of genomic DNA and total RNA from single cells. 
Genome  Res. 28, 75-87  (2018).
			  - Kim, K. T. 
et al. Single-cell mRNA sequencing  identifies subclonal heterogeneity in anti-cancer drug responses of lung  adenocarcinoma cells. 
Genome Biol. 16, 127 (2015).
			  - Lieselot, D. 
et al. Performance of four modern whole  genome amplification methods for copy number variant detection in single cells.
 Sci.  Rep. 7, 3422  (2017).
			  - Macaulay, I. C. 
et al. G&T-seq: parallel  sequencing of single-cell genomes and transcriptomes. 
Nature Methods 12, 519-522 (2015).
			  - Morrow, C. J. 
et al. Tumourigenic non-small-cell  lung cancer mesenchymal circulating tumour cells: a clinical case study. 
Ann.  Oncol. 27, 1155-1160  (2016).
			  - Premasekharan, G. 
et al. An improved CTC isolation  scheme for pairing with downstream genomics: Demonstrating clinical utility in  metastatic prostate, lung and pancreatic cancer. 
Cancer Letters 380, 144-152 (2016).
			  - Van Loo, P. & Voet, T. Single-cell analysis of cancer genomes.  Current Opinion in 
Genetics & Development 24, 82-91 (2014).
			  - Williamson, S. C. 
et al. Vasculogenic mimicry in  small cell lung cancer. 
Nature Comm. 7, 13322 (2016).
			  - Zheng, H. 
et al. Single-cell  analysis reveals cancer stem cell heterogeneity in hepatocellular  carcinoma. 
Hepatology doi: 10.1002/hep.29778 (2018).
			  - Zhu, S. 
et al. Advances  in single-cell RNA sequencing and its applications in cancer research. 
Oncotarget 16, 53763-53779 (2017).